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Neville Ranch Raid
The Neville Ranch Raid〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NEVILLE RANCH RAID )〕 occurred on the night of March 25, 1918 and was the last serious attack on a Texas ranch by Mexican rebels during the Bandit War. Though it is not certain, there was reason to believe that Villistas were responsible for the raid in which two people were murdered. Afterwards, the rebels withdrew to the village of Pilares, Chihuahua under pursuit by a cavalry of American soldiers. A small battle was fought Pilares on the following day, several more people were killed, and the Americans burned the village before they returned to Texas.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mexican raiders strike Texas ranch )〕
==Raid==
From the beginning of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, raids into Texas by Mexican "bandits" became very common. More often than not, the so-called "bandits" were actually rebels. After the Brite Ranch Raid, on December 25, 1917, the Big Bend region was on high alert. The fact that three people had been murdered on Christmas day infuriated the local population. Villistas from the small border town of Porvenir were thought to be responsible so, on January 27, 1918, Texas Rangers and American soldiers surrounded the village and began searching it. While the soldiers were checking the houses, the Texas Rangers, under Captain Monroe Fox, gathered up fifteen Mexican men and took them to a nearby hill. There the Mexicans were executed and left on the spot. News of the massacre quickly spread throughout the area and, according to some accounts, the attack on Neville Ranch may have been launched in retaliation, being that many of the raiders had lived in Porvenir or had family there.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NEVILLE RANCH RAID )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=PORVENIR MASSACRE )〕
Neville Ranch was owned by Edwin W. Neville and located about six miles up the Rio Grande from Porvenir. It was in an isolated area, there were no neighbors close by and the lower ranch complex, where the attack occurred, had no telephone. Edwin W. Neville lived there with his son, Glenn, and his Mexican servant, Rosa Castillo, with her husband and three children. Following the raid at Brite Ranch, Edwin moved his wife and his two daughters to a home in Van Horn. On March 25, 1918, while on garrison duty at Candelaria, Captain Leonard Matlock, 8th Cavalry, received information from someone regarding an imminent attack on Neville Ranch. Matlock then sent out a patrol, under a Lieutenant Gaines, to warn Edwin that his ranch was in danger. Edwin was not at his ranch though, he was in Van Horn buying supplies. After hearing a report about what was going on, Edwin rode with his son for eight hours back to the ranch to check on it. Sometime later, while discussing rumors in the ranch house, Glenn heard something and went to a window to see outside. There in the darkness he saw "''fifty approaching horsemen''" who then opened fire with small arms. Apparently, the house provided very little protection from the bullets so the Nevilles retreated to a ditch about 300 yards away. Glenn was shot in the head at this point but he did not die immediately for the raiders had time to come up and finish him off with rifle butts. Rosa was also "''shot and her body mutilated''" in front of her children while her husband escaped on a pony. When the shooting stopped, the raiders focused on robbing the place of horses, food, clothing, bedding and other supplies. Meanwhile, Edwin was "''wandering''" through the desert.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NEVILLE RANCH RAID )〕〔Cox, pg. 82〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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